![]() ![]() An extension of the muon radiographic methods, the muon scattering tomography, was proposed for the first time in 2003 and it is based on the measurement of the multiple Coulomb scattering of muons crossing the volume under investigation. Muon radiographic methods can be used to explore inaccessible volumes profiting of the property of muons to penetrate thick materials. Review of possible applications of cosmic muon tomography Portal et al (2013), "Inner structure of the Puy de Dme volcano: cross-comparison of geophysical models (ERT, gravimetry, muon imaging)", Geosci. (2015), Joint measurement of the atmospheric muon flux through the Puy de Dôme volcano with plastic scintillators and Resistive Plate Chambers detectors, J. In parallel with the muographic studies, the volcano was imaged through standard geophysical methods (gravimetry, electrical resistivity) allowing in depth comparisons of the different methods. This contribution presents the geophysical motivation for muon imaging as well as the first quantitative density radiographies of Puy de Dôme volcano obtained by the TOMUVOL collaboration using a highly segmented muon telescope based on Glass Resistive Plate Chambers. As shown in successfully imaging km-scale volcanoes remotely requires state-of-the art, high-resolution and large-scale muon detectors. The experimental and methodological task is however not straightforward since atmospheric muons have non trivial spectra that fall rapidly with muon energy. The muography has a high potential for imaging remotely (from kilometers away) and with high resolution (better than 100 mrad2) volcanoes. Obviously, several radiographic images could be combined into 3D tomographies, though the inverse 3D problem is generally ill-posed. Provided the topography is known, the measurement of the muon flux transmittance leads in an univoque way to 2D density mapping (so called radiographic images) revealing spatial and possibly also temporal variations. High energy atmospheric muons have high penetration power that renders them appropriate for geophysical studies. Finally, muon radiography may findmore » other safety and security or safeguards applications, such as arms control verification.« lessĭensity Imaging of Puy de Dôme Volcano with Atmospheric Muons in French Massif Central as a Case Study for Volcano Muography This method of fuel cask verification may prove useful for international nuclear safeguards inspectors. ![]() This technique was able to successfully identify missing fuel bundles inside a sealed Westinghouse MC-10 cask. The large amounts of shielding that dry storage casks use to contain radiation from the highly radioactive contents impedes typical imaging methods, but the penetrating nature of cosmic ray muons allows them to be used as an effective radiographic probe. In this paper, cosmic ray muon radiography has been used to identify the absence of spent nuclear fuel bundles inside a sealed dry storage cask. Matthew Guardincerri, Elena Morris, Christopher L. The measured performance of the system is sufficient for a stand-alone cosmic-ray muon radiography experiment.Ĭosmic Ray Muon Imaging of Spent Nuclear Fuel in Dry Storage Casksĭurham, J. The data provided a clear image of the mountain ridge as a cosmic-ray muon shadow. We have collected and analyzed data obtained from a 3-day field study of cosmic-ray muons at a Satsuma-Iwojima volcano. The angular distribution can be obtained from a remote PC via a network using a standard web browser. ![]() For real-time observations, the Ethernet is employed, and the board works as a web server for a remote operation. Used for real-time reading, the method may facilitate the prediction of eruptions. The imaging board generates an angular distribution of the muons. We have developed a muon radiographic imaging board with a power consumption low enough to be powered by a small solar power system. Development of a muon radiographic imaging electronic board system for a stable solar power operationĬosmic-ray muon radiography is a method that is used to study the internal structure of volcanoes. ![]()
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